Copyright and Permissions

Authors retain copyright over their published work.
Articles published in Politics, Institutions and Global Affairs are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.
This license permits reproduction, distribution, adaptation, translation, and commercial or non-commercial reuse, provided that appropriate credit is given to the original author or authors and the original publication is properly cited.
Authors are responsible for obtaining all necessary permissions for copyrighted material included in their manuscripts, including photographs, maps, figures, tables, datasets, institutional documents, survey instruments, and other third-party materials.
Authors must respect confidentiality, data-protection, and intellectual-property requirements governing restricted governmental, institutional, diplomatic, or research materials.
Readers, researchers, universities, public institutions, international organizations, think tanks, and other organizations may use published articles for research, teaching, translation, academic dissemination, policy analysis, and professional purposes in accordance with the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license.